Ohm’s law describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit. It states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points, and inversely proportional to the resistance between them. This can be expressed by the equation:
I = V/R
Where:
I is the current in amps, V is the voltage in volts, and R is the resistance in ohms.
So according to Ohm’s law:
- Current (I) is directly proportional to Voltage (V). So if you increase V, I will also increase.
- Current (I) is inversely proportional to Resistance (R). So if you increase R, I will decrease.
- Voltage (V) is equal to Current (I) multiplied by Resistance (R). So V = I x R.
Some key points about Ohm’s law:
- It only applies to circuits with metallic conductors at a constant temperature.
- The resistance R must be a constant value, independent of voltage and current.
- It is a simplified model but broadly accurate for analysing basic electrical circuits.
- Using Ohm’s law you can calculate any one of the three variables (V, I, R) if you know the other two.
So in summary, Ohm’s law describes the basic relationship between voltage, current, and resistance that governs electrical behaviour in circuits. It’s a fundamental law of electronics and circuit analysis.